Pdf modeled mechanisms in the slakedurability test for soft rocks. This equipment has been developed to assess the durability of rock to weakening and disintegration when subjected to the simulated effects of climatic slaking. The slake test compares two chunks of topsoil in water to see how well and how long they will hold. Correlation between slake durability and rock properties for some carbonate rocks article pdf available in bulletin of engineering geology and the environment 703. Jun 18, 2018 maximum 4 drums can be used simultaneously to improve testing productivity complete with display showing the residual testing time 10 minutes as per astm indications transparent water tanks with. Anyone can do it, he says, and he predicts it will open your eyes. Modified slake durability test for erodible rock material henry. Astm d4644 08 standard test method for slake durability of. Prediction of longterm slake durability of claybearing rocks.
For basic crystalline materials in particular, only. A test to estimate the resistance of rocks, particularly argillaceous rocks, to a combination of wetting and abrasion. Astm d4644 standard test method for slake durability of. Astm d464416 standard test method for slake durability of. A good index test of rock degradability is the slake. The rock samples are dried and then submitted to wear stress inside a drum which is rotated in water. Test results are expressed as a slakedurability index for each particular rock. Slake durability is a qualitative test for softerweaker rocks such as shale, so it is not often used to test aggregates under consideration for concrete or asphalt mix designs. Aug 05, 2019 astm d 16 standard test method for slake durability of shales and other similar weak rocks a primary example is the franklin rating system 1. Slake test the slake test measures the stability of soil when exposed to rapid wetting. The utr0800 slake durability apparatus consists of a motorized drive unit which is mounted on a baseplate and which can rotate two or four drums at a speed of 20 r. Astm d464416 red standard test method for slake durability.
Slake durability and mineralogical properties of some. Astm d4644 the slake durability apparatus is used to determine the durability of rocks and the probable amount of deterioration of weak rocks, over a period of time, after simulated exposure to natures continual wetting and drying cycles. The following materials are required to perform the slake durability test. Aug 12, 20 slake durability test apparatus reference. The slake durability test was suggested as a standard test for rocks by 5 and also became an astm standard 6. The slake durability index sdi test is widely used to determine the disintegration characteristic of the weak and claybearing rocks in geoengineering problems.
It can be said that sdi has become an important engineering parameter, and it is used extensively in literature in order to determine the durability of the rocks, especially weak and clay bearing rocks. It can be said that sdi has become an important engineering parameter, and it is used extensively in literature in order to determine the durability of. Wms 106 ankara determination of slake durability index iop. Simulation of sandstone degradation using largescale slake. Test results are expressed as a slake durability index for each particular rock. Slake durability of shales and similar weak rocks1 this standard is. Slake durability apparatus supports the following standards. The profiles of the fragments were evaluated before and after the test using fractal analysis. The slake durability index astm d464408 measures the response of rock fragments to submerged tumbling action. Slake durability of a deep red stratum sandstone under. For instance, failure during transportation is a common problem and testing at the early stages of product development can help to ensure quality. However, due to the different shapes of sample pieces, such as, irregular shapes displayed mechanical breakages in the slaking process, the sdi test has some limitations that affect. Although the test is relatively rapid and easy to perform, the results are.
Preparation and evaluation of spherical samples for slake. The jar slaking test was found to be more suitable to measure durability of weak rock especially in highly weathered grade iv and completely weathered grade v states as compared to slake durability index id1 or id2 which was found to be unsuitable to test the durability of such weak rock. Drum constructed for largescaled slake durability test. The test method, including the use of alternate testing tires, is described in astm d3319 and aashto t 279, as well as some european standards. The possible improvement of the modified jar slake test as a predictor of durability was measured by plot ting standard and jar slake values against slake durabil ity values for all 50 samples using slake durability data from santi, 1995b. The ends shall be rigid plates, with one removable end. Astm d4644 16 standard test method for slake durability. The drums rotate at a speed of 20 rpm for a period of 10 minutes in a water bath. This test is qualitative and should be measured on airdried soil fragments or aggregates. The related standards suggest using the second cycle slake durability index id 2 in the assessment of slaking. During the slake durability test, conducted in accordance with astm procedure d4644 astm, 2004, the portion of sample retained inside the 2 mm mesh drum consists of slaked fragments of varying dimensions.
The morphological changing of the rock samples was observed. Determination of slake durability index sdi values on. Astm, 2004 suggest using the second cycle slake durability results for determining the slake durability index. Request pdf preparation and evaluation of spherical samples for slake durability index test slake durability index test is being widely used to determine the disintegration characteristics of. In order to study the slake durability under different environmental conditions, the following tests are carried out. Large number of laboratory tests conducted to understand the durability of the lower oligocene limestones.
Slake durability index test is being widely used to determine the disintegration characteristics of the weak rocks when they are subjected to drying and wetting cycles. In addition the electronic files may not be downloaded or distributed elsewhere over computer networks or. The tank assemblies are filled with water to a level 20 mm below the drum axis. In the test standards, samples are recommended to have rounded or close to spherical shape. The test techniques specified include the 10% fines aggregate crushing value 10%fact which is a wet and dry crushing test, the durability mill index sampson and netterberg, 1989, which is a wet abrasion and impact test and a water soaking disintegration test. The test is repeated and the wear is given by the loss of weight in the sample. Durability assessment of weak rock by using jar slaking test. Civil and environmental engineering, school of mining and petroleum engineering 1,849 views 9.
The index is determined by a standard drying and wetting cycle test. Conducted properly, environmental and durability testing can help you minimize risk from warranty, insurance and damage claims by detecting design flaws early. Correlation of the test results and the known behavior of aggregates in use for many years looks very promising. The main purpose of this slakedurability test is to evaluate the weathering resistance of shales, mudstones, siltstones and other claybearing rocks. In this study, a new method called as pasha method was proposed and applied to prepare equalsized spherical samples. The slakedurability test suggested by franklin and chandra 1972 is applicable only to sedimentary rocks.
This simple test has been accepted as a standard test. Maximum 4 drums can be used simultaneously to improve testing productivity complete with display showing the residual testing time 10 minutes as. Slake durability was chosen as a representative measurement of durability because a the. The slake durability test apparatus is shown in figure 2. A test is described that measures the resistance of a rock sample to weakening and disintegration resulting from a standard cycle of drying and wetting. The profiles of the rock fragments experienced changes during the test as a result of saturation and abrasioninduced stresses. Fractal analysis of the slake durability test canadian. Geotesting express is a provider of rock testing services astm d, standard test method for slake durability of shales and similar weak rocks. These are capable of revolving two or four corrosion resistant specimen test drums at 20 rpm. Tap water was used as a slaking fluid and each sample was subjected three cycles.
The slakedurability test is regarded as a simple test for assessing weathering of rocks. Slake durability index utest malzeme test cihazlar. Astm d4644 16 standard test method for slake durability of. D464416 standard test method for slake durability of shales and other similar weak rocks abrasion resistance drying slake durability test weak rocks. The main purpose of this slake durability test is to evaluate the weathering resistance of shales, mudstones, siltstones and other claybearing rocks.
Ah ak anchorage, ak september 19, 2011 modified slake. The jar slake test is a visual observationbased immersion test used to qualitatively assess the durability of shale. This test method covers the determination of the slake durability index of a shale or other weak rock after three drying and two wetting cycles with abrasion effects. Mine 323determination of slakedurability index lab 2 duration. How to do the slake test ray archuleta, an agronomist with the usda natural resources conservation service with a passion for soil health, has done the slake test scores of times.
The slake durability test, first proposed by franklin and chandra 1972, is a test intended to assess the resistance offered by a rock sample to weakening and disintegration when subject to one or several cycles of drying and wetting. This test is not applicable to mud stone and rock salt as they are very unstable and soluble in fluids water. The slake durability index test accomplished according to standards astm d464408 4. Sieve mesh forms the walls of the drums with openings of 2 mm. Results of the durability tests are correlated with behavior based on test results from control and record sampling during the last two years. The slake durability test was carried out for the samples listed in table 1 by using the standard testing method developed by franklin and chandra 1972 and recommended by the international society for rock mechanics and standardized by the american society for testing and materials. Is100501981method for determination of slake durability index of rocks. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inchpound units, which are provided for. Durability is the ability of a physical product to remain functional, without requiring excessive maintenance or repair, when faced with the challenges of normal operation over its design lifetime. It consists of two drums 100 mm long and 140 mm in diameter, containing about 500g of rocks 10 lumps in each drum.
Astm d 16 standard test method for slake durability of shales and other similar weak rocks a primary example is the franklin rating system 1. Slake durability index material testing equipment dimensions weight approx. In addition the electronic files may not be downloaded or distributed elsewhere over computer networks or otherwise. This test is done to find out the resistance offered by a rock sample to weakening and disintegration when subjected to two standard cycles of drying and wetting in a slaking fluid usually water.
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